It is a non progressive neuromuscular disorder causing mild to severe disabilities throughout life.This condition is manifested as a group of persisting qualitative motor disorders which seem in young kids due to break to the brain throughout delivery or due to some pathological conditions within the intrauterine life.The neuroligical problems are multiple however non progressive in nature.Approximately a pair of per a hundred live birth is having this problem.This disease has no hereditary tendency.
Causes of cerebral palsy:
one) Injury to the brain during delivery.
two) As a complication of forceps delivery.
three) Lack of oxygen supply to the baby during delivery.
4) Infections during delivery.
Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy:–
The signs and symptoms could not be similar in all babies affected.Relying upon the harm to the brain there could be gentle to severe lesions.
Gentle cases:- twenty% youngsters can have delicate disability.
Moderate cases:-fifty% cases are having moderate disability.The affected children require self help for aiding their impaired ambulation capacity.
Severe cases:-Regarding 30% of the affected children are totally incapacited and bedridden and they allways need care from others.
Abnormal findings in cerebral palsy:-
1,Abnormal neonatal reflexes.
two,Stiffness of all muscles with awkward motion.
three,Extention of extremities on vertical suspension of the infant.
4,Scissoring of the lower limbs due to spasm of the adductor muscles of the thigh.
5,In severe cases the back bend backwards like and arch.
six,Might have total or partial paralysis.
seven,Arrest of neurological and behavioral developement.
8,Swallowing could be difficult in some cases.
9,Drooling of saliva.
10,Mild to severe mental retardations.
11,Abnormal movements are seen in some cases.
twelve,Tremors with typical movements.
13,If cerebellum is affected there will be loss of muscle tone with difficulty in walking.
fourteen,Complete or partial loss of hearing.
fifteen,Speech could be affected.
16,Squint and alternative visual problems might be associated.
17,Convulsions might be seen in some children.
Cerebral palsy is diagnosed by detailed clinical examination and by eliminating alternative similar diseases like brain tumour, progressive atrophy ect.All investigations like CT scan,MRI and routine investigations are needed to ruleout different diseases.
Management of carebral palsy:–
General management:
This includes proper nutrition and personal care. Symptomatic medicines are needed to reduce convulsions and muscle stiffness. Diazepam will cut back spasticity and athetosis.
Dantrolene sodium helps to relax skeletal muscles.
Physiotherapy:
Here massage,exercise, hydrotherapy and ect are needed.Special training is given to train walking,swallowing and talking.The affected kids are trained to hold articles for routine activities.
Rehabilitation:
Moral and social support ought to be given to those children.They must be send to special faculties where special coaching will be given by trained staff.Mentally retarded children want special training.Depending up on the disabitity special instruments and machines are given for locomotion and to help their daytoday activities.
Occupational therapy:
This is given by occupational therapists.They train the disabled individuals to try to to some suitable works thus that these folks will have their own income.
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